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The rotation now stands at Brown, Chan Ho Park, Luke Prokopec, Terry Adams and, likely, Gagne.
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``I've had some stiffness there, and (Friday) was worse than any other day,'' Dreifort said. ``We really don't even know what's going on. If there was some hard evidence of damage being done or if I thought I couldn't go out and help this team win ballgames, then, sure, I would have shut it down. But I didn't feel that way.''
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Wallace and Tracy both added they weren't giving up on Gagne, 25, who is 3-0 with a 1.74 ERA in three starts with Triple-A Las Vegas. However, Gagne's performed well in the past at Triple-A but has failed in numerous attempts at the major league level.
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``I think if, in fact, Eric Gagne is going to get it done for us, for me it has to be done as a starter,'' Tracy said. ``That's the role he would serve best on the club, and I think that's the direction we have to initially head in and find out the answer to that question first.''
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Their right-hander could be lost for the season, but more will be known after the swelling subsides and Dreifort is examined more closely.
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The Los Angeles Dodgers will have to wait until Tuesday's MRI to learn the severity of the tear in the ulnar collateral ligament in Darren Dreifort's pitching elbow, but the team expects him to miss considerable time.
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Even before Dreifort was injured, interim general manager Dave Wallace and special major-league assistant Dan Evans spoke with other clubs about obtaining another starter. But a lack of prospects in the Dodgers organization and an unwillingness, to this point, to add significantly to their $110 million payroll have been obstacles.
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And it's Dreifort's pitching elbow, which hasn't been the picture of health. He had reconstructive elbow surgery on the same ligament (also called the medial collateral ligament) in 1995, and subsequently missed the season.
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No matter the outcome of the MRI, Tracy said Dreifort will be lost for a substantial part of the season, making him the fourth starter of the projected five to miss time. Andy Ashby is out for the year after undergoing elbow surgery, Kevin Brown was one the disabled list twice and Gagnewas so bad - 1-4 with a 5.88 ERA - he was sent to the minor leagues June 12.
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Those close to the situation said Dreifort's pain is extreme, which isn't a good sign. Dreifort left his Friday start after striking out Ben Davis to lead off the sixth inning. He said he didn't feel anything pop, though pitching coach Jim Colborn said Dreifort pitched with the injury for at least one inning.
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``I don't think I'm speaking out of turn when I tell you that it's going to be a little time as far as Dreif's concerned,'' Tracy said. ``When you say a sprain, there is a tear in the ligament. To what degree, that's what we have to wait until Tuesday to find out. It's a guy's pitching elbow, and there's some time involved with that.''
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Dreifort has experienced stiffness and tightness in his elbow at times since then and has been handled gingerly the past few years because of the fear of injury. His pitch count was always kept near 100, and he was given extra days to rest when the schedule afforded the opportunity.
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Some parents facing a truancy citation, for example, simply register their children for home-schooling, blocking further legal action.
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But such numbers are of limited use. Maricopa County Schools Superintendent Sandra Dowling said she is not ``so naive'' as to imagine all are registered as the law requires.
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Lewis' organization doesn't, he said. But board members must have ``a like mind-set and have a Christian viewpoint.'' Even the national Home School Legal Defense Association calls itself a ``Christian organization.''
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But many home-schoolers say that's exactly as it should be: Because it costs no tax money, it's no one's business. ``The best laws are the ones that give parents the maximum freedom to choose the best education for their child,'' said attorney Darren Jones of the national Home School Legal Defense Association. Jones names Arizona one of the 10 least-restrictive states for home-schoolers. But what Jones calls independence a critic calls ``lax to the point of irresponsibility.''
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``Everyone I know has their kids tested voluntarily. Some go beyond that,'' added Zowada, who said her children are staying ahead of their peers. ``I don't think most people would be concerned with legal annual testing.''
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Arizona's lack of oversight surprised Zowada, who has a master's degree. She wouldn't mind if Arizona tested parents for basic skills or required children to be tested yearly.
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LAWMAKERS DEBATE
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``My husband and I aren't college-educated,'' she said. ``I don't know if that's why we don't push it on purpose. It just never enters our vocabulary.''
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That percentage, Bennett added, is probably the same as the percentage of kids falling through the cracks in public schools.
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Since 1995, Arizona has required nothing beyond registration, while the number of Valley kids taught at home has nearly doubled. Advocates say there are about 1.2 million to 2 million home-schooled kids in the country, a number that rises about 20 percent each year.
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(PHOENIX) - Arizona lawmakers have spent years demanding testing and accountability in the public schools.
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Many parents choose home-schooling to provide daily religious instruction, they say, but others simply seek higher standards. Some fear drugs, violence and bullying. Some have children who are failing or misbehaving, or whom counselors have suggested putting on medication.
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``I think those kinds of things are just miserable,'' said Ahwatukee mom Mariana Leberknight, who dropped out of a home-school support group because she said members were more concerned with preaching than education.
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Today, any parent who fills out a notarized one-page form is free to pull kids out of school and teach them at home. It's unlikely that anyone will notice what or whether these children are learning.
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``I don't have any reason to believe that's happening, although we don't have a formal system to check on that,'' said Senate Education Chairman Ken Bennett, a Prescott Republican.
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The result: Arizona has no way to gauge the quality of home-schooling. Supporters, many backed by conservative religious organizations, call that freedom; critics call it irresponsibility.
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FAMILIES DIFFER
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By PAT KOSSAN(a)
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But that's not so for five-year home-schooler Glenda Lovera, who never expects to have her three children tested.
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Neither Yale nor Harvard has numbers on home-schoolers' admissions rate or academic performance. Welner's research gives her no reason to believe home-schooled kids are doing any better or worse than kids in public schools.
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Many states require annual testing of home-schooled students, or test parents for basic skills. Some prescribe curriculum or link home-schoolers to public or private schools for guidance.
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Ann Beadleston, who handles registration for Dowling, said her office stopped counting kids over age 16 last year. She estimates there are an additional 1,000 children who should be registered but aren't.
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Critics also complain that weak laws allow parents to pull their kids in and out of school on a whim and cost public districts time and money to help some of these kids catch up to their peers.
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So how are these parents turned teachers doing? It's a hard question for researchers to answer.
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Reach the reporter at pat.kossan(a)arizona
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She doesn't have the $30 it costs, Lovera said, and she knows her kids have skills that tests can't measure. She's not worried about her kids' passing college entrance exams. She doesn't expect them to go.
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``Why would you want to start monkeying with something that works,'' he asked, ``and doesn't cost you a penny?''
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The main problem, she and other critics say, is that Arizona's hands-off approach provides cover for those parents who want older kids home to baby-sit, or work, or who just don't care.
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It is even difficult to know how many children are being taught at home. Advocates report that 16,534 home-schoolers were registered in Arizona in 1999. This year, 6,300 Maricopa County children ages 6 through 16 were registered.
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It's supported by the same legislators demanding more and more testing in public schools, Hartley said. But for home-schoolers, ``there's nothing.''
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Three years ago, Zowada decided to teach her three boys in their Mesa home. She is not unhappy with local schools and expects the boys to return to high school and go to college.
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This was replaced by a requirement that home-schooled children be tested every three years. By 1995, that law was gone, too.
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Most state and national home-school organizations are part of the ``hugely political,'' far-right Christian movement, said Kariane Welner, a UCLA researcher.
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(For use by N.Y. Times News Service clients)(a)
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But at the same time, and with much less fanfare, they've been killing laws requiring the same for kids taught at home.
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``I suspect there's a small percentage (of parents) doing it for the wrong reasons or (who are) in over their heads.''
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``It's pretty lame, isn't it?'' Hartley asked, calling the state's lack of oversight ``very hypocritical.''
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RESULTS UNKNOWN
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Which leads Lewis to defend his organization's efforts to make Arizona one of the nation's least restrictive home-schooling states.
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``They're out there,'' Beadleston said. ``A lot of people are not aware they are required to register, while others don't care. Some people object to government interference of any kind.''
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State Sen. Mary Hartley, a West Valley Democrat, has tried unsuccessfully to tighten Arizona's law.
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It was replaced with one that exempts home-schooled kids from ever being tested, including by the Stanford 9 or the new AIMS test.
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PARENTS LIKE `FREEDOM'; CRITICS WANT STRONGER OVERSIGHT(a)
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Lovera doesn't want ``home-schooling to equal anti-government, militant wackos.'' But she added that most parents she knows distrust government and are dead set against stronger oversight. In fact, Lovera sees no reason for some government agencies, such as Child Protective Services, to exist.
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``That's just crazy,'' said Margaret Mangini, an Arizona State University research director. ``We're suppose to be caring for the children of this state, and there's no accountability.''
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``Then they reach adulthood,'' Hartley said of the underperforming kids, ``and who knows what their prospects are for being a contributing member to society?''
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Home-schooling began in the liberal political camps of the 1960s. By the mid 1970s, the Christian conservative movement took home-schoolers under its wing and defended parents from truancy and neglect charges as they lobbied for less-restrictive home-school laws.
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WHY I LIKE BEING HOME-SCHOOLED(a)
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About two months ago, I went to a football game at Maryvale High School. One of the teachers asked me what school I attended. When I told her that I was home-schooled, she and three other teachers had a good laugh.
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I think schoolkids are subject to peer pressure, fights, abuse from their teachers, drugs, alcohol, guns and worse.
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Adults have different views.
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Another problem is that it's hard to concentrate when my siblings are fighting right next to me.
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(PHOENIX) - Five years ago, when I was 10, my life changed dramatically.
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Whenever I tell people that I'm home-schooled, I get different reactions. From kids, I usually get, ``Wow. That would be awesome. You could do school in your pajamas.''
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The best thing is that I get to wake up at 8 a.m. instead of 6 a.m., and it takes me only four hours to do all my work. Another benefit is that my mom tailors most of my curriculum to subjects that I like.
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c.2001 The Arizona Republic(a)
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I'm not saying that home-schoolers are not going to run into that sort of thing. But I don't need stupid commercials telling me not to smoke pot or cigarettes or drink alcohol. I prefer that my parents tell me why not to do that stuff.
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Due to my poor schooling at Joseph Zito School, my parents decided to teach me at home.
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Home-schooling has its good and bad parts. The hardest part is just getting used to your own mother teaching you instead of a ``real'' teacher.
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(For use by N.Y. Times News Service clients)(a)
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By PETER LOVERA(a)
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I am lucky enough to have a group that I go to every Wednesday where all my friends are. The moms talk about politics, curriculum, family problems. My friends and I play basketball, football and baseball.
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``He will pick a subject and start working while I'm waking up,'' said Glenda Lovera, who took over the education of Peter and Grace five years ago.
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School starts when Peter, 15, wakes Mom at 8 a.m.
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``If you're going to be a disengaged parent,'' she said, ``you send your kids to school.''
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(For use by N.Y. Times News Service clients)(a)
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HOME-TEACHING BEGINS AT THE CRACK OF YAWN(a)
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c.2001 The Arizona Republic(a)
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``He's my most active child,'' Lovera said. ``I let him take little breaks, like 20 minutes. That helps.''
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Peter's mother said he's doing mainly ninth-grade academics and is at about seventh grade in English composition, but is working through college-level mechanics books. Grace doesn't spell well, Lovera said, but is a great photographer and has a strong grasp of world history.
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More and more home-schoolers are spending their afternoons out of the house, taking science or art or band classes at district or charter schools. Many take advantage of a growing number of classes offered by libraries and museums, and some form co-ops and hire tutors. Others send their kids to community college courses.
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Nor does Lovera worry about unskilled or negligent parents hiding behind the home-schooling option.
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The family's typical school day begins at the kitchen table with Taco, their tiny dog, curled at the kids' feet. Peter is adding fractions, Grace is skip-counting by sixes, and Richie is learning to write hundred numbers. Each week's unit of study usually begins with a related Bible story. For example, after God tells Abraham that his descendents will multiply like the stars, the Loveras launch into an astronomy lesson.
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(PHOENIX) - School for the three Lovera kids looks a lot like breakfast.
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Many home-schoolers begin their days around the kitchen table, where parents use a variety of workbooks, texts and informal discussion to teach basics: reading, writing and math.
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Lovera and her husband aren't happy with their west Phoenix public schools. Among their complaints are low standards, the teaching of evolution as fact, drug-awareness training in kindergarten and sex education.
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Children prove their skills through written work, where mistakes are corrected and explained immediately. The one-on-one time shortens classes, maybe to 30 minutes, and leaves no homework.
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Peter acknowledges that it was hard to leave his friends, but not the stress he felt at school. Grace, who was tired of ``girls who were mean and said I couldn't be in their club,'' was ready to bolt first grade.
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By 12:30 or 1 p.m. on most days, school's over. But Lovera sees many more days ahead.
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That, advocates say, is one of the joys of home-schooling.
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Then there was Lovera, who also was trying to conquer her own weaknesses: lack of organization and self-discipline.
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``It's still hard, harder than teaching a group of kids,'' she said. ``I have to push myself to push them.''
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Each Wednesday, Lovera and the kids head for a park, where Lovera shares tips and troubles with other home-schooling mothers, while their kids make friends. Most home-schooling families belong to support groups. But unlike many home-schooling parents, Lovera doesn't have her children tested or send them to organized classes a few times a week. But she still attends curriculum conferences, sifting through lesson plans, learning to inspire her children to do work they don't want to do.
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By PAT KOSSAN(a)
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Grace is working by herself on a computer program retyping spelling words into sentences. Then she drifts upstairs to the piano where she's teaching herself to read music.
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Only Peter is still at the table, reading. State law requires him to attend one more year of school. Then he plans to pass his high school equivalency exam and learn automobile mechanics.
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THE AIRMAN'S GOODBYE
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Preflight check was set for 0330 hours.
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